<2025> Status and Outlook of Lithium-Ion Battery Si-Anode Technology (~2035)
In lithium secondary batteries, anode
active materials have so far been mainly carbon-based. In the early stages,
amorphous carbon materials were widely used, but nowadays natural graphite and
artificial graphite are predominantly applied. Recently, in order to overcome
the theoretical capacity limit of graphite materials and to develop materials
with superior electrochemical potential and cycle life, new anode materials
centered on silicon(Si)-based anodes are being actively considered. As the
demand for high-capacity anode materials increases further in the large-sized
battery market for electric vehicles and ESS, the industry’s focus has shifted
from conventional carbon-based and graphite-based anodes to Si-based anodes,
especially in metal-composite form, leading to fierce competition to secure
this material. In line with this, the number of new entrants seeking to develop
and mass-produce silicon anodes is also steadily increasing.
In the early 2020s, high-capacity
Si-based materials were mainly being developed by only about 10 to 20
companies, but currently more than 120 companies are engaged in development and
preparing for mass production. Si-based materials are essential for the
development of high-capacity batteries to extend the driving range of electric
vehicles and to meet the requirements for fast charging, and EV OEMs as well as
battery manufacturers are seeking to expand the application of next-generation
silicon anodes. Silicon anodes are expected to grow at a CAGR of 30% through
2035. Their share in the overall anode material market, based on weight, is
projected to increase from 1% in 2019 to 4% in 2030 and 6% in 2035.
In addition to carbon-based and
graphite-based materials, representative high-capacity anode materials for
lithium secondary batteries include Si-C composites, Si-alloys, and SiOx. Among
them, SiOx and Si-alloys are the closest to commercialization, and some battery
manufacturers are already applying them in cells to develop high-capacity
batteries. However, issues such as cycle life and volume expansion (swelling)
still remain, and efforts are underway to address these problems. Regarding Si-based
anodes, recent announcements of related technology developments from both
industry and academia have been continuous, and anode material companies are
also focusing on new technology development, raising expectations for
commercialization in the near future.
This
report not only covers the anode material market for lithium secondary
batteries used in xEVs, ESS, and IT applications, which have recently become
key issues, but also provides a technical review on the development trends and
performance improvements of Si-based anodes for high-capacity battery
development. In particular, it addresses Si-based high-capacity anode materials
[Si-alloy, SiOx, Si-C composite], pure Si materials, and the latest
developments in binder/current collector technologies for Si-based anodes. It
also presents the most recent progress from both industry and academia on
composite anode materials, the status and challenges of cells adopting these
materials, and ideas for improvement, with the aim of contributing to the
development of future high-capacity, high-power batteries.
Strong Points of This Report
① Overall market M/S
and technology status of lithium secondary battery anode materials (including
graphite-based and silicon-based)
② Summary of technical
issues and key element technologies of high-capacity Si-based anode materials
and pure Si
③ Latest technology
development trends of Si-based anode materials by battery manufacturers
④ Future application
fields and commercialization outlook of Si-based anode materials
⑤ Development status
and major product introduction of over 120 global silicon anode companies
(classified by technology)
⑥ Introduction of
binder/current collector technologies for Si-based anode materials
⑦ Detailed price trends
of Si anodes by region, application, and type
- Contents -
1. Technology Trends
| |
| |
Chapter Ⅰ. Overview of Lithium-Ion
Secondary Batteries
|
12
|
1-1. Lithium-Ion Battery History
|
13
|
1-2. Lithium-Ion Battery Type and
Features
|
18
|
1-3. Anode Material Technology Status
and Development Trends
|
23
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅱ. Types and
Characteristics of LIB Anode Materials
|
35
|
2-1. Required Properties and Types of
LIB Anode Materials
|
36
|
2-2. Carbon-Based Anode Material
Properties
|
39
|
2-3. Metallic Anode Material
Properties
|
62
|
2-4. Compound-Based Anode Material
Properties
|
83
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅲ. Development Status of
Si-based Anode Materials for High-Capacity LIBs
|
93
|
3-1. History and Direction of High-Capacity LIB Development
|
94
|
3-2. Basic Properties of High-Capacity Si-Based Anode Material
|
102
|
3-3. Problems and Solutions for Alloy Anode
Materials
|
118
|
3-4. Development Trends in
High-Capacity Si-Based Anode Technology (SiOx, Si-C, Si Alloy ...)
|
154
|
3-5 Binder/Current Collector
Technologies for Si-Based Anode Materials
|
239
|
Chapter Ⅳ. Development Status of
High-Power Si-based Anode Materials
|
249
|
4-1. Overview of High-Power Anode Materials
|
250
|
4-2. Anode Materials for High-Power Fast Charging
|
251
|
4-3. Fast Charging from the Anode
Perspective
|
265
|
4-4. Development of Composite Anode
Materials for Fast Charging
|
282
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅴ. Technical Issues and
Development Trends of Next-Gen Si-Anode Materials
|
288
|
5-1. SiOx
|
289
|
5-2. Si-C
|
297
|
5-3. Pure Si
|
306
|
5-4. Cell Electrode Design and Key
Properties
|
315
|
5-5. Si-Anode Patent Filing Trends
of Major Companies
|
322
|
| |
2. Market
Outlook
| |
| |
Chapter Ⅵ. LIB Demand Outlook (’21~’35)
|
332
|
6-1. Installation vs. Shipment vs.
Production Outlook
|
333
|
6-2. Battery Installation Outlook by
Application
|
336
|
6-3. Battery Shipment Outlook by
Application
|
337
|
6-4. Battery Production Outlook by
Application
|
338
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅶ. LIB Anode Material
Demand Status (’21~’35)
|
339
|
7-1. Anode Material Demand Status by
Application
|
342
|
7-2. Anode Material Demand Status by
Material Type
|
343
|
7-3. Anode Material Demand Status by
Region
|
344
|
7-4. Anode Material Demand Status by
Supplier
|
345
|
7-5 Anode Material Demand Status by
LIB Manufacturer
|
353
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅷ. LIB Anode Material
Supply Status (’21~’35)
|
356
|
8-1. Overall Anode Material Supply Status and Outlook
|
357
|
8-2. Anode Material Supply Status and Demand Outlook by Application
|
368
|
8-3. Anode Material Supply
Status and Demand Outlook by Material Type
|
369
|
8-4. Anode Material Supply Status and Demand Outlook by Region
|
372
|
8-5. Summary of Supply and Demand Outlook for Si-Based Anode Materials
|
373
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅸ. LIB Anode Material Cost
Outlook
|
377
|
9-1. Anode Material Cost Structure (NG/AG/Si-based)
|
378
|
9-2. Anode Material Cost Trends (NG/AG/Si-based)
|
394
|
9-3. Price Status by Region, Type,
and Grade (Low / Medium / High)
|
397
|
9-4. Price Outlook by Anode Material
Supplier
|
399
|
|
|
Chapter Ⅹ. Price Outlook for
Si-Based Anode Materials
|
|
10-1. Supply–Demand
modeling, drivers, adoption trends, relevant macro factors
|
403
|
10-2. Regional Price Outlook for SiOx, Si-C,
and Pure Si-Anode Materials
|
407
|
10-3. Price Outlook by Application for
SiOx, Si-C, and Pure Si-Anode Materials
|
409
|
| |
3. Company
Overview
| |
| |
Chapter ⅩⅠ. Status of LIB Anode
Material Manufacturers (Korean/Asian)
|
411
|
11-1. Manufacturer specializing in
silicon-based anode materials (Korean/Asian)
|
411
|
11-1-1. Daejoo Electronic Materials
|
413
|
11-1-2. Shin-Etsu
|
418
|
11-1-3. JMC (Japan Metal &
Chemicals)
|
422
|
11-1-4. Osaka Titanium
|
424
|
11-1-5. SK Ultimus (Nexeon)
|
427
|
11-1-6. SKMG14 (SK
Materials-Group14)
|
430
|
11-1-7. MK Electronics
|
433
|
11-1-8. Iljin Electric
|
436
|
11-1-9. Hansol Chemical
|
440
|
11-1-10. Innox Advanced Materials
(InnoxEcoM, TRS)
|
443
|
11-1-11. FIC Advanced Materials
|
446
|
11-1-12. POSCO Silicon Solution
(formerly Terra Technos)
|
449
|
11-1-13. TCK (TOKAI CARBON KOREA)
|
454
|
11-1-14. NM Tech (Acquisition of
TruWin)
|
457
|
11-1-15. KBG
|
460
|
11-1-16. Neo Battery Materials
|
462
|
11-1-17. Korea Metal Silicon
|
466
|
11-1-18. EnPlus
|
469
|
11-1-19. Lotte Energy Materials
|
471
|
11-1-20. Dongjin Semichem
|
475
|
11-1-21. SJ New Materials
|
477
|
11-1-22. IL Science
|
481
|
11-1-23. S-Materials
|
485
|
11-1-24. HNS Co., Ltd.
|
486
|
11.1.25. YFineTech
|
488
|
11.1.26. Hana Materials
|
490
|
11.1.27. Silican (Nanobrick)
|
493
|
11.1.28. DABO Link
|
496
|
11.1.29 Hyosung Advanced Materials
|
499
|
11.1.30 OCI
|
502
|
11.1.31 Kairos
|
505
|
11.1.32 NanoGenesis
|
507
|
11.1.33 S&P Lab
|
509
|
11.1.34 EG
|
511
|
11.1.35 LPN
|
514
|
11.1.36 Grabcil
|
518
|
11.1.37 BSG Materials
|
521
|
11.1.38 ACTRO
|
524
|
11.1.39 SILI ENERGY
|
525
|
11.1.40 KCC
|
528
|
11.1.41 Nano Silicon
|
531
|
11.1.42 EBS Square
|
532
|
11.1.43 MG Innovation
|
533
|
|
|
Chapter ⅩⅡ. Status of LIB Anode
Material Manufacturers (North American / European)
|
535
|
12-1. Manufacturer specializing in
silicon-based anode materials (North American / European)
|
536
|
12-1-1. Group14 (US)
|
537
|
12-1-2. NEXEON (UK)
|
542
|
12-1-3. Sila Nano Technologies (US)
|
548
|
12-1-4. Enovix (US)
|
553
|
12-1-5. Enervate (US)
|
558
|
12-1-6. EO Cell (US)
|
562
|
12-1-7. Amprius Technologies
|
565
|
12-1-8. Umicore
|
570
|
12-1-9 One D (US)
|
573
|
12-1-10 Nanograf (US)
|
577
|
12-1-11 Leydenjar (Nether.)
|
579
|
12-1-12 ADVANO (US)
|
582
|
12-1-13 Targray (Canada)
|
585
|
12-1-14 StoreDot (Israel)
|
587
|
12-1-15 Trion Battery (Canada)
|
592
|
12-1-16 Black Diamond Structures
|
594
|
12-1-17 Nanospan (US)
|
595
|
12-1-18 Elkem (Nor)
|
596
|
12-1-19 Neo Battery (Canada)
|
597
|
12-1-20 Global Graphene Group (US)
|
603
|
12.1.21 Cenate (Nor)
|
606
|
12.1.22 SiCONA (AU)
|
609
|
12.1.23 Alkegen (US)
|
613
|
12.1.24 pH Matter LLC (US)
|
615
|
12.1.25 Paraclete Energy (US)
|
616
|
12.1.26 E-Magy (Nether)
|
617
|
12.1.27 Ionblox (US)
|
619
|
12.1.28 Nanomakers (Fra.)
|
621
|
12.1.29 SiLi-ion (US)
|
623
|
12.1.30 Ionic Mineral Tech (US)
|
625
|
12.1.31 Ionobell (US)
|
627
|
12.1.32 The Coretec group (US)
|
629
|
12.1.33 Enwires (Fra.)
|
630
|
12.1.34 FARADPOWER (US)
|
632
|
12.1.35 SilLion (US)
|
634
|
12.1.36 Talga (AU)
|
636
|
12.1.37 SGL Carbon SE (Ger)
|
637
|
12.1.38 Himadri Specialty Chem (India)
|
638
|
12.1.39 Coreshell (US)
|
639
|
12.1.40 BASF (Ger)
|
642
|
Chapter ⅩⅢ. Status of LIB Anode
Material Manufacturers (Chinese)
|
644
|
13-1. Manufacturer specializing in
silicon-based anode materials (Chinese)
|
645
|
13-1-1. BTR, 贝特瑞
|
646
|
13-1-2. ShanShan , 上海杉杉
|
653
|
13-1-3. Zichen (hanghai Putailai) ,
江西紫宸
|
659
|
13-1-4. Shinzoom (Hunan Zhongke
Electric) , 中科星城
|
663
|
13-1-5. Kaijin , 凯金新能源
|
668
|
13-1-6. Shenzhen XFH , 翔丰华
|
672
|
13-1-7. ECH (上海洗霸)
|
675
|
13-1-8. Dowstone (道氏技术)
|
679
|
13-1-9 Luoyang Lianchuang (洛阳联创锂能)
|
682
|
13-1-10 ZETO, Zhengtuo 正拓能源
|
684
|
13-1-11 Solid (深圳索理德新材料)
|
686
|
13-1-12 IOPSILION, Tianmu, 天目先导
|
688
|
13-1-13 iAmetal , 北京壹金新能源
|
691
|
13-1-14 Guibao (硅宝科技)
|
694
|
13-1-15 Shinghwa (石大胜华)
|
695
|
13-1-16 Gotion (国轩高科)
|
698
|
13-1-17 Jereh, 烟台杰瑞
|
701
|
13-1-18 Kingi, 湖南金硅
|
703
|
13-1-19 Carbon One (碳一新能源)
|
707
|
13-1-20 Dongdao (东岛新能源)
|
711
|
13.1.21 HYQC (华宜清创)
|
713
|
13.1.22 Epuno (埃普诺)
|
715
|
13.1.23 Yuling (昱瓴新能源)
|
718
|
13.1.24 CPS (创普斯新能源)
|
720
|
13.1.25 Novusilicon (硅源新能)
|
720
|
13.1.26 Changhong (长虹新材料)
|
720
|
13.1.27 Geyuan (格源新材料)
|
720
|
13.1.28 Zhongning Silicon (中宁硅业)
|
721
|
13-1-29. Detubo (德图堡新材料)
|
721
|
13-1-30. Guiying (江西江铜硅瀛新能源)
|
721
|
13-1-31. AMT(星汉纳米)
|
721
|
13-1-32. Boundary (邦德锐)
|
722
|
13-1-33. Litan (立探新能源)
|
722
|
13-1-34. Jili (积力新能源)
|
722
|
13-1-35. Qufarui(衢发瑞新能源)
|
722
|
13-1-36. Leina (镭纳新材)
|
722
|
13-1-37 Jiangxin New Materials (匠芯新材料)
|
723
|
13-1-38 Zhide Battery (致德新能源)
|
723
|
13-1-39 Guojia (国佳（内蒙古）新材料)
|
723
|
13-1-40 Huazhi (山西华智新材)
|
723
|